批判危害性的框架
总共写十七个句子.
第一段四个句子,第一句宏观描述图画,并谈图画看似可笑但发人深思.第二句写出图画最强烈的视觉效果,第三句是主题句,谈用二十个单词的爆发力句型谈该现象对个人的发展和进步有破坏性,并引发思考,第四句是用贬义词批判这个现象是强烈的指责.
第二段七个句子,首先第一句从宏观上谈这种现象的总的有两到三个点危害或者原因,第二句谈这个现象的第一个危害,用 “not only, but also”的五星级句子,通常是谈对个人身心健康的危害性, 第三个句子谈第二个危害,通常是用一个豪华级的比较级的句子,让老师耳目一新,通常是谈这个现象对社会的危害.第四个句子谈对家庭或学校的危害.第五个句子谈一个代替 “for example”的十五个单词的好句子,意思是说没有更好的例子来证明正如下文.第六个句子是例子群体的出现,谈根据一项调查表明,80%以上的人只要从事经历过这个消极的现象一定会对个人在精神和生活上有危害.最后一句话是预测趋势的二十五个单词的钻石级的句子,谈以下预测趋势,表明这种现象再这样下去,就会导致恶劣的结果出现,甚至是毁灭性的后果.
第三段六个句子, 第一个句子是下个结论,谈解决问题的必要性.第二个句子是第一个建议谈的是加强立法惩治这个现象,第三个句子谈提高人们的觉悟关于着这个现象能提高人们对这个现象的觉悟.第四个句子谈个谚语,谈一下实践我的建议的重要性.五个句子谈解决的任重道远.第六个句子是解决问题之后的美好的未来.
第一段
(1)As is vividly depicted in the picture, the painful and frustrating somebody has not only indulged into insidious and poisonous but also ,which seems to be humorous and ridiculous but ought-provoking on second thoughts.(2)The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, somebody does sth, doing sth, which seems to be a threatening situation we are unwilling to see.(3)It goes without saying that phenomenon has characterized the past few years and aroused our serious concerns more than .(4)Undoubtedly, the consequences resulting from this phenomenon seem to be disastrous to our individual, family and social survival and harmonious development.
第二段
(1)why do we lay emphasis on this?
(2)To the popular mind, it is immediately assumed that when A is argued, it is B that is meant. A 和B 是反义词，或者是从大到小的关系
(3) Several points analyzed below can help us gain a better insight into what has happened.
(4) To begin with,主题not only does harm to our physical and mental health but also results in a frustrating and humiliating life.
(5) In addition, nothing is more harmful than主题 to contradict with our efforts to build up a harmonious society and cause social disturbance and deterioration.
(6) Nothing is as disastrous as主题to impose on our family financial burdens and induce the heightened concern on our parents.
(7) No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the cases mentioned below .
(8) According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have ever experienced主题will live a dull life or even feel loss of hope about the future.
(9) If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of .
第三段
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法
(1) From what have been discussed above, what really accounts is not the danger of 主题, but how we can prevent it from getting worse. (2)On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the enforcement of the laws to protect . (3)On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of saving somebody out of the evil hands of destruction. (4)However, it is easier said than done. (5)Although the fight against it is long-standing and tremendous one, our efforts will eventually pay off.(6) Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later.
消极的现象:
热点一网络游戏
第一段
(1)As is vividly depicted in the picture, the painful and frustrating somebody has not only indulges into insidious and poisonous internet games but also stays up until midnight, which seems to be humorous and ridiculous but thought-provoking on second thoughts.(2)The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, the pale students can not concentrate what the the teacher says， falling asleep, which seems to be a threatening situation we are unwilling to see.(3)It goes without saying that phenomenon has characterized the past few years and aroused our serious concerns more than internet games. (4)Undoubtedly, the consequences resulting from this phenomenon seem to be disastrous to our individual, family and social survival and harmonious development.
第二段
(1) why do we lay emphasis on this?
(2) To the popular mind, it is immediately assumed that when the convenience brought by computers is argued, it is internet games that is meant.
(3) Several points analyzed below can help us gain a better insight into what has happened.
(4) To begin with, internet games not only does harm to our physical and mental health but also results in a frustrating and humiliating life.
(5) In addition, nothing is more harmful than internet games to contradict with our efforts to build up a harmonious society and cause social disturbance and deterioration.
(6) Nothing is as disastrous as internet games to impose on our family financial burdens and induce the heightened concern on our parents.
(7) No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the cases mentioned below .
(8) According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have ever experienced internet games will live a dull life or even feel loss of hope about the future.
(9) If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of our children.
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法
(1)From what have been discussed above, what really accounts is not the danger of internet games, but how we can prevent it from getting worse. (2)On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the enforcement of the laws to protect our children. (3)On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of saving somebody out of the evil hands of destruction. (4)However, it is easier said than done. (5)Although the fight against it is long-standing and tremendous one, our efforts will eventually pay off.(6) Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later.
热点二 破坏文物
图画描述了很多游人在游玩和照相，在天安门广场游玩时，在吐口香糖，乱扔废弃物，广场上充满了污渍
第一段
(1)As is vividly depicted in the picture, but also ,which seems to be humorous and ridiculous but thought-provoking on second thoughts.(2)The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, , which seems to be a threatening situation we are unwilling to see.(3)It goes without saying that phenomenon has characterized the past few years and aroused our serious concerns more than destroying the cultural relics . 4)Undoubtedly, the consequences resulting from this phenomenon seem to be disastrous to our individual, family and social survival and harmonious development.
第二段
(1) why do we lay emphasis on this?
(2) To the popular mind, it is immediately assumed that when tourism is argued, it is destroying the cultural relics that is meant.
(3) Several points analyzed below can help us gain a better insight into what has happened.
(4) To begin with, destroying the cultural relics not only does harm to our physical and mental health but also results in a frustrating and humiliating life.
(5) In addition, nothing is more harmful than destroying the cultural relics to contradict with our efforts to build up a harmonious society and cause
(7) No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the cases mentioned below .
(8) According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have ever destroying the cultural relics will live a dull life or even feel loss of hope about the future.
(9) If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of our relics.
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法
(1)From what have been discussed above, what really accounts is not the danger of destroying the cultural relics, but how we can prevent it from getting worse. (2)On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the enforcement of the laws to protect the cultural relics. (3)On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of saving the cultural relics somebody out of the evil hands of destruction. (4)However, it is easier said than done. (5)Although the fight against it is long-standing and tremendous one, our efforts will eventually pay off.(6) Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later.
热点3 压力问题
一个人总在忙碌,工作压力很大,要承受很多社会的压力,包括买房子和车子
第一段
(1)As is vividly depicted in the picture, but also ,which seems to be humorous and ridiculous but thought-provoking on second thoughts.(2)The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, , which seems to be a threatening situation we are unwilling to see.(3)It goes without saying that phenomenon has characterized the past few years and aroused our serious concerns more than . (4)Undoubtedly, the consequences resulting from this phenomenon seem to be disastrous to our individual, family and social survival and harmonious development.
第二段
(1)why do we lay emphasis on this?
(2) To the popular mind, it is immediately assumed that when A is argued, it is B that is meant.
(3) Several points analyzed below can help us gain a better insight into what has happened.
(4) To begin with,主题 not only does harm to our physical and mental health but also results in a frustrating and humiliating life.
(5) In addition, nothing is more harmful than主题 to contradict with our efforts to build up a harmonious society and cause social disturbance and deterioration.
(6) Nothing is as disastrous as主题 to impose on our family financial burdens and induce the heightened concern on our parents.
(7) No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the cases mentioned below .
(8) According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have ever experienced主题will live a dull life or even feel loss of hope about the future.
(9) If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of .
第三段
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法
(1) From what have been discussed above, what really accounts is not the danger of 主题, but how we can prevent it from getting worse. (2)On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the enforcement of the laws to protect . (3)On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of saving somebody out of the evil hands of destruction. (4)However, it is easier said than done. (5)Although the fight against it is long-standing and tremendous one, our efforts will eventually pay off.(6) Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later.
热点 4
责任
写作题目与要求：
Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the set of drawings,
2) analyze the purpose of the painter and
3) state your position.
You should write about 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20points)
(1)As is vividly depicted in the picture, but also ,which seems to be humorous and ridiculous but thought-provoking on second thoughts.(2)The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, , which seems to be a threatening situation we are unwilling to see.(3)It goes without saying that phenomenon has characterized the past few years and aroused our serious concerns more than . (4)Undoubtedly, the consequences resulting from this phenomenon seem to be disastrous to our individual, family and social survival and harmonious development.
第二段
(1)why do we lay emphasis on this?
(2) To the popular mind, it is immediately assumed that when A is argued, it is B that is meant.
(3) Several points analyzed below can help us gain a better insight into what has happened.
(4) To begin with,主题 not only does harm to our physical and mental health but also results in a frustrating and humiliating life.
(5) In addition, nothing is more harmful than主题 to contradict with our efforts to build up a harmonious society and cause social disturbance and deterioration.
(6) Nothing is as disastrous as主题 to impose on our family financial burdens and induce the heightened concern on our parents.
(7) No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the cases mentioned below .
(8) According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have ever experienced主题will live a dull life or even feel loss of hope about the future.
(9) If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of .
第三段
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法
(1) From what have been discussed above, what really accounts is not the danger of 主题, but how we can prevent it from getting worse. (2)On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the enforcement of the laws to protect . (3)On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of saving somebody out of the evil hands of destruction. (4)However, it is easier said than done. (5)Although the fight against it is long-standing and tremendous one, our efforts will eventually pay off.(6) Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later.
参考范文：
As is vividly revealed in the series of drawings above, a man has to go to four hospitals to confirm his health condition due to the irresponsibility of medical units, which seems to be humorous and funny but is most thought-provoking on second thoughts.
The aim of the painter of the drawings can be briefed as follows. To begin with, the irresponsibility in some working units can no longer be ignored by us. Accidents of various kinds resulting from irresponsibility happen more frequently than ever before. Coal mine accidents and medical accidents reported by the media are the cases in point. In the international communication, our irresponsibility has spoiled the credibility and image of our country. Responsibility does means a lot to us. What’s more, the irresponsibility of some working units should be regarded as social malignant tumor. At present the grim status contradicts our efforts to build up a harmonious society. The irresponsibility spells us heavy physical and psychological burden. And most often, the people who are frequently mistreated with irresponsibility will develop deep hatred for our society. In one word, the irresponsibility must be removed because it hinders the progress of our society.
In my view, concrete and effective measures must be taken to get rid of the phenomenon of irresponsibility. On the one hand, laws and regulations must be established to stop the existing irresponsibility. On the other hand, the importance of responsibility should be widely spread to make every citizen honor the sense of responsibility. Only in this way can we live in a safe and harmonious society. (262 words)
热点 5
Good neighbors 图画描述了两个邻居个领着一只狗,狗在互相打招呼,而人却很冷漠
As is vividly depicted in the picture, the two lonely neighbors seem to ignore each other while the two dogs greet each others politely and amiably. The most striking feature that impresses me deeply is that unbelievably, the social interactions have been diminishing. Recently the phenomenon that lots of people love to raise the dogs while neglecting the communications between the neighbors or relatives has aroused great concern and should be given enough consideration. This phenomenon of ignoring the human communications should be condemned severely or made illegal. Pet-keeping is becoming an increasingly pervasive because a pet may be a companion for old people, a friend for young couples and a playing toy for children. There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
中间段落从两方面论证问题的危害，并举例论证，预测 危害的趋势
To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon, several reasons have been put forward. To begin with, they are so busily scheduled that they have no time even for a drink with some friends. In addition, While there are so many dishonesties going around, they must stay with a dog, which is likely to be faithful to them. Since a pet is loyal to his master and acts as the instructions of humans, a person has no need to get along with his neighbors who may have different opinions about his or her ideas, which is a threatening situation we are unwilling to see. No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below . According to a survey made by China Daily, 63.93% of young people who have once dropped wastes into the places of interests do take it seriously. If we cannot take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable results may come out unexpectedly, we will see the gloomy future of our neighbors.
最后一段要强调解决问题，谈的两点建议通常是提高人们的意识，加强执法；
From what have been discussed above, it is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to prevent the pets damaging the the relations between the neighbors. On the one hand, we should be sensible to strengthen the social contacts between neighbors. On the other hand, it is demanding for us to keep people aware of the importance of communications between people instead of staying with a dog alone. However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. Only when you attention to it can you see a colorful and harmonious future better sooner or later
[NextPage]
第一段谈的是三个句子,第一,二个句子都是在描述图画,第三句子这个现象对社会发展的积极的现象,第四个句子是图画简单,寓意深刻.
第二个段子,第一个句子谈一个十二个单词的爆发力的主题句,第二个句子谈这个现象的永恒的社会含义,用一个三十五个单词的钻石级的排比句子,谈只要有这个现象就可以让我们不断有意义的事情,征服挑战和竞争,并最后走向成功.第三个可以从反面谈如果没有这个积极现象,人们生活就忧闷,有挫折感,无前进动力,前途渺茫.第四个句子谈有两个大的好处.第五个句子谈第一个好处,通常是让生活丰富,有效率.再谈第二个好处通常是谈一些个人发展或社会进步的好处.第五个句子是代替for example的五星级的句子.第六个是具体的举例子,谈根据一项调查表明,80%的人只要利用这个积极的现象就容易改变人生,提高素质.也可以单独举个性例子,第七个句子是倒装句子谈只有这个现象才能让我们成为社会的成功者
第三个段子首句 谈二十五个单词的超豪华的句子,谈无论做大事还是小事,无论做难事还是容易事,都要这个积极现象.第二个句子谈有两点建议让它变的更好.第三个句子谈让它变的更好的第一个方法,通常发挥它的好处,避免坏处.第四个句子谈第二个方法,第五个句子谈个谚语,第六个谈解决任务的任重道远.第七个倒装句谈只要有这个积极现象就会享受一个美好,丰富和有活力的未来.
热点 1 团队合作
(1)As is vividly depicted in the picture,(描述图画).(2) The most striking feature is(图画重点信息).(3)There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
(1)As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that(重复上面的图画信息) profoundly indicates that team work is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. (2)Undoubtedly, it is team work that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty, that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. (3)If we don not cooperate sincerely, we will live a dull and depressing life and feel frustrated and humiliated or feel loss of hope about the future. (4)As far as I am concerned, there are several advantages that can be given as below. To begin with, nothing is more beneficial than team work to overcome our defects and improve our efficiency. (5)Secondly, no issue is as good as team work to make our life more colorful and energetic.(6)No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. (7)A person who is assigned various jobs along the production lines will make a mess just because no one can be proficient in all the things. (8)Only by cooperating with other people can you put your capacities into full play and can you be the winner in the society.
(1)From what have been discussed above, it admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to involve yourself into a team work. (2)It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make your team work more efficient. (3)On the one hand, we should be sensible to be receptive to other people’s opinions and benefits. (4)On the other hand, it is demanding for us to be always helpful and honest to other people.(5) However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. (6)Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
热点1. 谦让,退一步海阔天空.
(1)As is vividly depicted in the picture,(描述图画).(2) The most striking feature is(图画重点信息).(3)There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
(1)As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that(重复上面的图画信息) profoundly indicates that modesty is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. (2)Undoubtedly, it is modesty that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty, that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. (3)If we are not kind with others sincerely, we will live a dull and depressing life and feel frustrated and humiliated or feel loss of hope about the future. (4)As far as I am concerned, there are several advantages that can be given as below. To begin with, nothing is more beneficial than modesty to overcome our defects and improve our efficiency. (5)Secondly, no issue is as good as modesty to make our life more colorful and energetic.(6)No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. (7)A person who is selfish will make a mess just because no one can help the selfless. (8)Only by being kind to others can you put your capacities into full play and can you be the winner in the society.
(1)From what have been discussed above,it admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to be modest to others. (2)It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to be kind to others. (3)On the one hand, we should be sensible to be receptive to other people’s opinions and benefits. (4)On the other hand, it is demanding for us to be always helpful and honest to other people.(5) However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. (6)Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
热点 2. 不断的打败,挑战自我
(1)As is vividly depicted in the picture,(描述图画).(2) The most striking feature is(图画重点信息).(3)There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
(1)As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that(重复上面的图画信息) profoundly indicates that challenging ourselves is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. (2)Undoubtedly, it is challenging ourselves that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty, that makes us still full of energy to face the coming competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. (3)If we don not challenge ourselves sincerely, we will live a dull and depressing life and feel frustrated and humiliated or feel loss of hope about the future. (4)As far as I am concerned, there are several advantages that can be given as below. To begin with, nothing is more beneficial than challenging ourselves to overcome our defects and improve our efficiency. (5)Secondly, no issue is as good as challenging ourselves to make our life more colorful and energetic.(6)No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. (7)A person who is lazy will make a mess just because no one can be proficient in all the things. (8)Only by cooperating with other people can you put your capacities into full play and can you be the winner in the society.
(1)From what have been discussed above, it admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to challenge ourselves. (2)It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make your team work more efficient. (3)On the one hand, we should be sensible to be receptive to other people’s opinions and benefits. (4)On the other hand, it is demanding for us to be always helpful and honest to other people.(5) However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. (6)Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
热点4 长远发展 long—term goal
(1)As is vividly depicted in the picture,(描述图画).(2) The most striking feature is(图画重点信息).(3)There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration.
(1)As is symbolically revealed in the set of drawings, the fact that(重复上面的图画信息) profoundly indicates that long—term goal is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. (2)Undoubtedly, it is the long—term goal that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulty, that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for the coming success. (3)If we emphasize on one side too much, we will live a dull and depressing life and feel frustrated and humiliated or feel loss of hope about the future. (4)As far as I am concerned, there are several advantages that can be given as below. To begin with, nothing is more beneficial than long—term goal to overcome our defects and improve our efficiency. (5)Secondly, no issue is as good as long—term goal to make our life more colorful and energetic.(6)No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below. (7)A person who is so shor-sighted will make a mess just because no one can be proficient in all the things. (8)Only by being harmonious with other people can you put your capacities into full play and can you be the winner in the society.
(1)From what have been discussed above,it admits of no doubt that in doing things whether great or small there are more or less difficulties, it is much better for one to form long—term goal. (2)It is therefore, necessary that some effective measures are taken to make your long—term goal better. (3)On the one hand, we should be sensible to be receptive to other people’s opinions and benefits. (4)On the other hand, it is demanding for us to balance the conflicting sides.(5) However, it is easier said than done. Practice is the most important factor. (6)Only when you pay attention to it can you make it better sooner or later.
[NextPage]
1. 手机运用
Directions：
Study the following graph carefully and write an essay in which you should: In recent years there has been a dramatic rise in the cell phones, which are now essential to millions of people as a convenient form of communication. In 2004 the number reached 315,000,000, with an average annual increase at 57,500,000.
Some people can now no longer imagine life without their cell phones. The fact that they are so popular proves that they are useful and convenient. Cell phones enable people to easily and quickly communicate with one another; wherever you are, you can instantly reach somebody. Cell phones eliminate the trouble of not being able to meet someone in person, and therefore increase business's efficiency.
Mobile phones necessarily also harbor disadvantages. The radiation such phones emit is hazardous to one's health. Furthermore, if people become too reliant on the use of cell phones, our face to face skills may decline. Any new invention has its drawbacks, and such negative aspects cannot always diminish its popularity. Despite the negative effects of television, for example, the number of people who own televisions continues to grow at a tremendous rate. This is also the case with mobile phones. People won't stop eating just because of the risk of choking. In addition, the swift development of science and technology will likely eliminate the hazards cell phones may cause. One can safely predict, therefore, that with the introduction of new techniques, mobile phones will have more applications and become even more appealing to customers.
2. The Role of Migrant Workers
When it comes to the issue of the role of migrant workers, different people have different ideas. I do agree to the statement that migrant workers have made a great contribution to the prosperity of cities. For example, most migrant workers in Beijing are working on the construction sites. These people are really hard working. Without these people, the cities could not develop so quickly. In addition to the construction work they take, they also help to improve the community services, such as cleaning, repairing work, and household work. They help make the city clean and nice, and they also help many families with tedious work.
Certainly just as everything has two sides, migrant workers put an extra burden on some problems of the cities, such as shortage of housing, family planning, traffic congestion, and so on.
I believe what the government should do is make the management of migrant workers more efficient, so as to minimize their impact on social problem. Efforts should also be made to educate them and enable them to work and live in harmony with their new urban surroundings. (184 words)
3. Studying Abroad
With the open-door policy, there has been a growing trend that more and more students choose to study abroad.
Some students think that studying abroad has some advantages. Firstly, they can learn advanced science and technology. Secondly, they can promote the cultural exchange between China and other countries. Finally, studying abroad provides them with a good opportunity to adapt to new environments.
Other students, on the other hand, see some disadvantages of studying abroad. First of all, if they have to finance themselves, they will need a considerable amount of money. Sometimes they have to wash dishes at restaurants to earn enough money to pay their tuition. Next, they may feel lonely living in an entirely different country. In addition, they may be looked down upon by the natives of that country. Moreover, some students do not want to come back after graduation and this will be a great loss to their motherland.
In my opinion, studying abroad should be encouraged. Now China is a developing country; and it needs a large number of qualified professionals. In the long run, China will become a prosperous, powerful country in the future, and more and more overseas students will come back to serve their motherland.
[NextPage]
一、倡导信
1. 目的和写法
倡导信一般是为了解决某个普遍关注的问题而以某职能部门、权威人士或广大群众为对象的信函。通常有标题。其内容与本书前文所述的问题解决型考研英语作文题较为相似。
A Letter to Citizens of Beijing as to Improving Involvement in Preparation for the 2008 Olympic Games
Dear Countrymen:
I am writing the letter to call on all people in Beijing to perk up and do more work for the coming 2008 Olympic Games. As a common citizen here in the capital of our great motherland, I jumped over joy when news came saying we won the competition for hosting the great games, the first in our history.
But after a month-long excitement, I started to think about the question: What can I do for the huge project? I had been left with helplessness for all the past months, like many people did. But now I came up with some ideas that might attract you and equip us all with sufficient confidence.
I hope we will start studying English, and two of three of other foreign languages if possible, to be able to communicate with friends from all corners of the world. We could have been making Beijing an international city in the proper sense of the word. I will try to understand modern concepts about making a city, and a country, more beautiful, for example, environmental protection, community construction, city planning, and above all, the quality of being a citizen in the modern city.
Actually, we will not be making preparation for preparation’s sake. After 2008, I have all the reasons to be optimistic that Beijing, and our country, will be taking a strong position in the powers of the world.
Please join me in the action and extend our excitement into a spirit that dares any possible difficulties! Thank you!
Best wishes to Beijing and our country,
Zhong Guan
(A common citizen of Beijing)
2.推荐信(Recommendation, Reference)
1. 推荐信的写法
推荐信主要是由有身份、地位的人士向学校或雇主介绍求学或求职者，是一种证明。主要内容包括：事由，即推荐何人做何事；与被推荐者的关系；被推荐者的介绍等。
1.范例
To whom it may concern:
Fan Zheng was enrolled as a student in my juvenile psychology course at Beijing Normal University in 1992. His performance in the school years was outstanding. Mr. Zheng had been the major speaker for my class discussions and he showed great talents in solving real problems and organizing his thoughts. He was clearly born with a keen mind for the science of psychology and was always coming up with original ideas. He can also express himself effectively in both spoken and written English, thanks to his interests in English and his experiences in U. S. A. as an exchange student for two years.
In addition, Mr. Zheng has a very pleasant personality. He has developed a strong sense of humor that attracts people around him, and working with him is always pretty much fun. But be is absolutely hard-working, often being the core of a group. Besides, he has all the qualities of being a group leader, which include his introduction of himself in a low profile and being a man of his words.
I have no doubt that Mr. Zheng will be an ideal candidate for the doctorate studies under your instruction. I strongly recommend him to your attention.
Sincerely yours,
(Signature)
John Yang
Professor of Psychology
President of Beijing Normal University
3. 建议信
建议信开头段常用句式和套话
I am writing in reply to…
I would like to suggest that…
I am writing with my suggestion proposal about…
I am writing to express my views concerning…
You have asked me for my advice with regard to…and I will try to make some conducive suggestions.
表达建议常用句式和套话
I feel that it would be beneficial if…
I would like to suggest that…
I would recommend that…
If I were you, I would…
You may consider doing…
It would seem to me that you could…
As you may agree that…
建议信结尾常用句式和套话
I hope you will find these suggestions/proposals/recommendations helpful/practical/ useful.
I trust you will take my suggestion into account.
I would be more than happy to see improvements in this regard.
I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details.
★例：
Directions：
You have a friend who is about to enter university, and he wants you to advise him on which subject to specialize in--history, in which he is very interested, or computer science, which offers better job prospects. Write a letter:
1) explaining what he could do,
2) why he could do this, and
3) wishing him luck with his studies.
You should write with no less than 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.
范文：
Dear John,
You asked for advice concerning whether you should study history or computer science at university. I will try making some suggestions.
University is preparation for your career. You should consider studying a subject which will best equip you to earn a living. Computer science offers more job opportunities than history. We are now in a high-tech age. For the foreseeable future, it would be necessary for everyone to be equipped with computer skills merely to earn a living!
Of course, you don't have to devote all your time at university to studying computers and nothing else. I would recommend that you continue reading of history in your spare time. That way, you will find that your leisure hours are enriched while you prepare yourself for a worthwhile career in computer science.
Whatever you decide to do, good luck with you studies!
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
4.投诉信
投诉信又叫抱怨信，其主要目的是表达写信人对某一情况的不满。
例：
Directions:
You live in a room in college which you share with another student. You find it very difficult to work there because you roommate always has friends visiting. He/she has parties in the room and sometimes borrows your things without asking you. Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college:
1) asking for a new room next term,
2) stating that you would prefer a single room and
3) explaining your reasons.
You should write with no less than 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address.
投诉信的开头常用句式和套话
I am writing to complain about/that...
I am writing to make a complaint about...
I am writing to express my concern/dissatisfaction/disappointment about...
I am writing to inform you that I am dissatisfied with your...
I feel bad/sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint about...
I am most reluctant to complain, but...
I am writing to advise you that I find.., unsatisfactory.
I wish to draw your attention to the problem/fault.., that I bought...
投诉信的结尾常用句式和套话
I trust you will take my complaints seriously and...
I will appreciate it very much if you could...
I would be perfectly satisfied if you can kindly...
I understand you will give, immediate attention to this matter.
I would like to have this matter settled by the end of...
I would be grateful if you could...
I would appreciate it if you could...
范文：
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to inform you that I wish to move into a new room next term. I would prefer a single room, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.
The reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate's inconsiderate behavior. His friends constantly visit him and he regularly holds noisy parties. In addition, he sometimes borrows my things without asking me. Under these circumstances, I find it difficult to concentrate on my studies, and I am falling behind on my assignments.
I am sure you will agree that the solution is for me to move into a room of my own, where I will be free from such distractions. I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
5.询问信
询问信的开头常用句式和套话
I am writing for information about…
I would like to receive information regarding…
I am writing to ask if you could possibly…
I would be grateful if you would…
I would like to request materials for…
I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding/concerning…
I wonder if you could…
I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding…
询问信的结尾常用句式和套话
I am expecting your early reply.
Your prompt attention to this letter would be highly appreciated.
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Thank you for your consideration.
I look forward to your immediate response.
★例：
Directions:
As part of a student social survey project, you are organizing a group to visit a historical exhibition in a small town. Write a letter to the organizer of the exhibition:
1) asking for information regarding the contents of the exhibition
2) asking about the dates and times the exhibition is open and
3) if there are any discounts available.
You should write with no less than 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
★例：
Dear Sir, *
I am organizing a group of students to pay a visit to the historical exhibition in your town. This visit will be part of our school's social survey project. I would be grateful if you could supply me with the following information.
First of all, what are the dates between which the exhibition will be held, and what are the daily opening hours? Secondly, what is the size of the exhibition, what is its theme and what objects ate on display? Thirdly, are there any other activities being held in connection with the exhibition?
I would also like to inquire if there is any discount available on entrance tickets for students. If so, how much is the discount and what is the minimum number of students necessary to qualify for it?
I look forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
6. 请求信
请求信对收信人提出请求，希望对方满足该请求。请求信和询问信有一点相似，就是两者都要向对方提出某种要求请对方给予答复。而两者的不同则在于询问信的核心是要询问信息，重点要写清楚询问的内容，收信人要提供信息则大多是自身职责所在，应当为咨询者提供所需的信息；请求信的核心却是请求他人做某事的原因，重点是要写清楚为什么要请求他人做某事，大多数情况下写信人是无中生有，为收信人制造一些麻烦。
写作策略：
首段：说明写作意图，要提出什么样的请求。请求信的首段既要礼貌，又要规范。
主体段落：说明请求的原因，应具体展开。请求信的主体段落应尽可能客观公允，合乎情理。
请求信首段常用句式和套语
I am writing to formally request to…
I would very much like to ask for your permissio9n with this letter so as to allow me…
I am writing to seek for your assistance in…
Would you be kind enough to…?
请求信结尾段常用句式和套话
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
I do appreciate the favorable consideration you have shown to me.
I would like to thank you for your generous help in this matter.
I shall remain grateful to you for the great help…
★例：
Directions:
You find that your study load is too heavy. Write a letter to your college teacher:
1) explaining why you need to withdraw from two courses
2) asking if it is possible to obtain a refund and
3) apologizing for any problems caused by your decision.
You should write with no less than 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.
范文：
Dear Professor James,
I am writing to request to withdraw from two courses: Introduction to Elementary Education (EDU 602) and Teaching Methods (EDU 619).
The reason for reducing my course load is that I am finding it difficult to manage six courses. At the beginning of the term, I was optimistic about juggling my full-time studies and my part-time job (20 hours/week). I really must work part time, so I have no choice but to decrease my course load.
I would also like to request a tuition refund. I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused by this change in plans. This decision was not taken lightly.
Thank you for your attention to these requests. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me at 277-9144. I look forward to hearing from you soon.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
7. 道歉信
道歉信的目的是向收信人表明歉意，请求对方对自己的某种过失表示谅解。
写作策略：
首段：表明写信意图，对某事表示歉意。
主体段落：说明道歉的具体原因，应展开。在主体段落中，写信人应当在申述理由时照顾读信人的感受，切忌强词夺理。
结尾段：再次表明兼意，请求收信人的谅解。在结尾段还可以建议对自己的过失采取何种补救措施。
道歉信中开头段常用句式和套话
I am writing this letter to express my regret…
I am writing to apologize for…
I would like to give you my apology for…
I am very sorry to say that…
I must apologize about (not) doing sth…
Please accept my sincere apology for…
I am writing to say sorry for…
I am terribly sorry, but…
道歉信中结尾段常用句式和套话
Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.
Please allow me to say sorry again.
Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.
I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.
I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.
I am sorry that I can’t… and trust that you will be able to understand.
★例：
Directions:
One of your pen pals will shortly be visiting your city. For some reason, you can not manage to meet him at the airport on time. Write a letter:
1) explaining why you cannot meet him at the airport,
2) asking him to wait for you at the airport, and
3) telling him how to identify you.
You should write with no less than 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.
范文：
Dear Martin,
I am looking forward to your visit. Just think, after all these years of writing to each other, we will finally have the chance to meet! However, I am sorry that I will not be able to meet you at the airport as soon as you arrive.
The reason is that your flight will arrive early in the morning, and the earliest I can get To the airport will be about an hour after you land. Please wait for me in the arrival lounge. You should be able to have breakfast there while you wait.
By the way, as we have never met I must tell you how to recognize me. I am of medium height and have a small moustache. In addition, I will be carrying a copy of the morning newspaper tucked under my left arm.
Looking forward to our meeting.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
8. 感谢信
感谢信是对收信人的某一行为表示感谢。
写作策略：
感谢信还有浓厚的感情色彩，具有比较浓的人情味，因此可操作性不是太强。考生即便学习了一篇范文，但对另外一道此类题目也是可能不知该从何处入手。实际上感谢信(还包括表扬信)从内容上恰恰与投诉信相反，因此可以直接套用投诉信的写法，只需将投诉信主体段落对投诉理由的具体说明改为对感谢或表扬理由的具体说明即可。例如，一道题目说代我在一个旅馆信了一段时间，但方方面面都不尽如人意，回家后你和家人都闹肚子，请你写一封投诉信。而另外一道题则是说你在一家旅馆住了一段时间，在那里度过了一段美好的时光，请你写一封感谢信。这两封信在主体段落上都可以从几个方面对该旅馆进行投诉或感谢，都可以从服务、饮食卫生、客房环境等几个方面来说明投诉或感谢的理由，只需将投诉信的不满改为感谢信的满意即可。由此可知，只要掌握了投诉信的写法，感谢信也应当是手到擒来。
感谢信开头段常用句式和套话
I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for...
I am writing to express my thanks for...
I am writing to show my sincere appreciation for...
I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for...
I feel deeply indebted to you and I really don't know how to thank you enough for your help.
感谢信结尾段常用句式和套话
I must thank you again for your generous help.
I am most grateful for your selfless donation.
My true gratitude is beyond the word's description.
I feel most obliged to thank you once more.
Please accept my gratitude, now and always.
★例：
Directions:
After being involved in an accident, you were looked after by another person. Write a letter:
1) mentioning what happened in the accident,
2) telling the person about your recovery, and
3) expressing your thanks.
You should write with no less than 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead. You do not need to write the address.
范文：
Dear John,
I am writing to thank you for looking after me after that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi. If it had not been for your assistance in giving me first aid and taking me to a nearby hospital, I fear that the consequences might have been much more serious.
The doctor says that my broken leg is healing well. In addition, the taxi company has agreed to pay my hospital bills. Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that Emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.
Although nowadays many people talk about the need to be unselfish and to help others, we see very few people practicing what they preach. But you showed by your actions that you are an exception.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
9. 介绍大学的生活
You will graduate from university in the summer of 2005 and have experienced ups and downs over the past four years. Write a letter to the freshmen to
1)state how to adapt oneself to campus life, and
2)stress the importance of English learning.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
A Letter of Advice
Dear Freshmen,
I, the undersigned, am a senior in the Computer Science Department of Tsinghua University. I would like to say a few words to you, which I hope would be helpful to you.
To begin with, the change of ideas is of most importance for freshmen to adapt themselves to campus life. During the middle school days, we usually depend upon our teachers at school and parents at home. However, the life and study on university campus features independence, which is essential to our psychological development. In my view, we had better always bear in mind the idea of independence. What’s more, English learning is a must. On one hand, without CET 4 certificate, we can not get our degree when we graduate from university. On the other hand, when we hunt for job, English level is a deciding factor. Therefore, I do hope that all of you will have a good understanding of the necessity of learning English well.
Good Luck to you!
Sincerely Yours
Li Ming
10 询问信
Directions：
You are applying for a MA/MS degree and are in need of some contact with your would-be tutor. Write a letter to your tutor to:
1. make a brief self-introduction
2. state the reasons for the application for your major
3. outline your plan after graduation
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
参考范文 (119 words)
Dear Prof. Li,
I am a senior in the Computer Science Department of Tsinghua University. I am applying for an MS degree under your guidance so that I write to you today for a further contact.
The reason for my application for the major — utilization of computer in farming — can be illustrated as follows. I am from the West. I was born and brought up in the countryside so that I intend to learn what can be used in the countryside.
After graduation, I want to make use of what I learn to make contribution to the development of my hometown, which is still one of the ten counties in poverty.
Best wishes to you!
Sincerely Yours,
Li Ming
......
家们网！
